Money market is one of the most important financial markets in conventional banking system that has different functions like price discovery of short term funds. Accepting or refusing this market in an Islamic framework, can have important effects on theory and practice of Islamic banking that cannot be ignored. Having reviewed the subject of money market in the conventional financial system, this paper tries to evaluate the possibility of creating an Islamic money market through short term financial instruments. The results which are based on an analytical-descriptive approach, show that: firstly, the Islamic money market is theoretically plausible. In fact, it is quite possible to make Islamic money market by making use of Islamic short-term instruments. In addition to theory, the Islamic money market is practiced in some Islamic countries like Malaysia and Iran. Secondly, in the Islamic Fiqh, different kinds of Islamic contracts with fixed and predetermined return rate are available (like Murabaha). It is possible to use these contracts in the Islamic money market. Finally, unlike the conventional money market where all the contracts are done based on buying and selling of bonds, all the Islamic money market contracts are based on Sukuk; which is related to the real sector of the economy. In addition, unlike the conventional money market, all the instruments and Sukuk used in the Islamic money market have different kinds of risk over and above the credit risk. These two are the most important differences of Islamic and conventional money market.

Islamic bankers use a combination of equity and non-equity financial instruments for financial investment purposes. Choice of an efficient portfolio of financial assets requires direct functional relationship between the supply of fund via each instrument with its rate of return and a negative relationship with its risk. Asymmetric information hinders selection of efficient equity instruments, unless Islamic bankers monitor the implementation of contracts with their partners. Although monitoring is a costly operation for bankers it is at the same time an investment for obtaining new information which will be used for the choice of efficient equity tools and their supervision. The performance of 24 regional supervisory units of Agricultural Bank all over the country during a five-year period of this study verifies this hypothesis. That is, the allocation of financial resources among equity and non equity instruments has been found to have a significant positive relationship with the rate of recovery and a negative relationship with the risk of selected instruments. It is, therefore, concluded that monitoring services of the bank is instrumental in the choice of an efficient selection of equity and non equity financial tools in Islamic banking.

The debt markets are an integral part of financial sector, Nevertheless, with regard to the provisions of this matter, claim and interest payments are considered forbidden for Muslims. In countries where Muslims constitute the major portion of the population, they are unable to respond to their financial needs by using the conventional debt markets (based on interest). Hence, in these countries there is significant demand for the development of an alternative debt markets, and compatible with Islamic precepts. As a result, during the last few years, Islamic bonds that comply with Islamic principles and are known as Sukuk, have grown substantially and have been designed by companies and governments. Despite the implementation of Islamic banking and effective attempts in the stock market, still Sukuk issuance is neglected. This paper has designed an appropriate model for Sukuk and potential emissions of it are calculated. For this purpose, we use two scenarios (total Sukuk issued in the world and issued in Islamic countries) to predict the capacity of Sukuk. Sukuk statistics are extracted and the potential capacity for investment in Sukuk has been estimated for the Periods 1990-2010 and 1353-1387 respectively.

Nowadays, because of the economic circumstances of our society, on one and many persons are eligible to borrow the Qarz Al' Hasan loan and on the other hand there are not sufficient funds to for paying to the Qarz Al' Hasan loan applicants. But the Qarz Al' Hasan Bank has been instituted to expand and promote the culture of Qarz Al' Hasan and also to answer the poor's financial needs in the society. So, it seems necessary to find a solution for the problem of liquidity shortage in the Qarz Al' Hasan Bank. For this purpose, in this paper it is tried to show that the rigid mechanism that is used for absorbing the Qarz Al' Hasan deposits and paying Qarz Al' Hasan loans may be one reason for the problem. If so, It is tried to introduce other mechanisms -that are based on issuing the Sukuk- for solving the problem. hence, the paper shows how the Qarz Al' Hasan Bank can solve its problem by playing the role in the components of Sukuk.

Achieving economic development is the goal of all nations. Achieving economic growth requires the creation of special mechanisms. Powerful financial markets are among these mechanisms. The development of a variety of economic activities depends on their access to financial services. There are many financing tools in the world right now. Some of these tools can not be used in Islamic societies because of being kidnapped. In the last decade, in the field of Islamic monetary and financial discussions, efforts have been made to design and implement financing instruments in accordance with Islamic teachings. One of these tools is the issuance of Islamic securities called sukuk. These bonds are issued for government financing, financing of enterprises for production and exports, and government affiliated organizations, which are based on Islamic contracts. In this study, with the aim of investigating the relationship and effect of development of Islamic financial instruments (sukuk) on economic growth in Iran, an ARDL model error correction form has been used. In this case, the coefficients of short and long term models and error correction for the period of the fourth quarter of the year The 2010-2010 season is estimated until the fourth quarter of 1394. In the ARDL model error correction form, short-term fluctuations of the variables are related to their long-term equilibrium values. These models are in fact a kind of partial adjustment models that measure the long-term equilibrium with a long-term relationship, effective forces in the short run, and the speed of approaching the long-term equilibrium. The results show that Sukuk publishing has a positive and significant effect on GDP and it can increase economic growth.

One of the economic development factors is various financial instruments in financial markets. An economy is successful when it has the right instrument to attract domestic and foreign investment. The design of new instruments in Iran faces the challenges of adapting tools to the conditions of the money market and capital market and adaptation to Islamic jurisprudence. In addition to complying with Islamic jurisprudence, a financial instrument must be defendable in terms of economics, financial management, law and accounting. Investigating research on designing financial instruments shows that most of these studies do not have a scientific and standard research methodology, and each researchers has chosen a method based on their expertise, they do not have a definite scientific credibility. The codification of a scientific and standard research methodology can facilitate the research process in this field and enhance its findings in terms of credibility. This paper tries to suggest a standard methodology for designing Islamic financial instruments with the help of the Pathology of Research on the Design of Islamic instruments and using their strengths and weaknesses. In this way, the researcher step by step expands the idea of a new financial instrument, including the need for issuer, investors, and reviewing the opinions of Jurisprudents, economists, and lawyers and accounting professors.

1- INTRODUCTION Considering the role of the capital market in the economy of countries and studying the performance of this market has a particular importance. One of the factors that affect the performance of the capital market is the decisions made regarding the financial structure of companies’ performance in this market. Today, in fact, the credit rating of companies is largely dependent on their financial structure, or in other words, their capital structure, and in fact, the basis of production and service provision depends on the way financial funds are provided and used. On the other hand, the financial structure of each company is an early warning regarding the number of financial resources of the company, and it is necessary to determine the factors affecting their financial structure in the strategic planning of companies. Many variables affect the financial structures of stock companies, among which we can mention financing with Islamic instruments. Sukuk is one of the important financial instruments and conforms with the Islamic Shari'ah, which provide an alternative source of funding, especially for large (very active) companies, and more efficient sources compared to conventional bonds.   2- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK In financial field, the way in which the company invests is called financial structure. financial structure, or in other words capital structure, describes the long-term capital financing of a company, which represents debt and equity, and is a type of permanent financing that supports the growth of the company and related assets. One of the most important functions of the Islamic financial system is to facilitate financial flow and guide it towards the most efficient type of investment, and as a facilitator of financial flow, it gives producers the opportunity to move economic resources with greater speed and accuracy by relying on monetary and financial resources. The existence of these types of financial instruments increases capital efficiency and optimal allocation of resources in companies. Since Islamic financing can lead to global financial stability and economic growth; Therefore, wider access to financial services improves social participation and increases market power, and ultimately strengthens protective laws and solves problems and issues of financial development, and increases profitability and improves the financing process of companies.   3- METHODOLOGY This research is considered as applied research in terms of its objective; Because it examines the relationships between variables, the subject of the research is the Tehran Stock Exchange Organization in terms of location, and the time scope of the research is from the fiscal year 2010 to 2019 by using the annual data of the companies. The 83 companies were selected as the statistical sample used in the research. In order to estimate the effects of the variables, the panel data technique with Johnssen's approach is used. In this research, the variable of financial structure is used as dependent variable and the variables of ejare sukuk, murabaha sukuk, sode sukuk, istisna sukuk and mosharekat sukuk are used as explanatory variables.   4- RESULTS & DISCUSSION According to the empirical results of this study, all new Islamic financing instruments had a positive effect on the financial structure index (ratio of capital to assets). In the long run, ejare sukuk, murabaha sukuk, sode sukuk, istisna sukuk and mosharekat sukuk explain 7.06, 20.32, 0.07, 3.32 and 0.84 percent respectively, of the changes in the financial structure index.   5- CONCLUSIONS & SUGGESTIONS The present study investigates effectiveness of the financial structure of listed companies from new Islamic financing instruments (Sukuk) by using the panel data technique with the Johanssen approach. For this purpose, the data of 83 listed companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange has been used during the years 2010 to 2019. According to the research results, instruments had a positive effect on the financial structure index (ratio of capital to assets). Accordingly, the issue of sukuk can significantly improve the financial structure of companies. Companies should use a complete combination of modern financing tools (Sukuk) to achieve benefits such as increasing liquidity, increasing shareholders' wealth and increasing diversity in financing sources.

In today's world, one of the most significant concerns for economic enterprises is financing. In Muslim countries, Islamic financing is conducted through Islamic bonds known as sukuk. Sukuk come in various types, tailored to the specific needs of the issuing entity. Multiple stakeholders are involved in the issuance process of these bonds, each with a defined role to optimize the process. Consequently, each stakeholder assumes certain risks throughout this process. This study examines these risks and ranks the credit risk each stakeholder incurs during the sukuk issuance process. The research is applied in nature and utilizes a descriptive survey method for data collection, falling under the category of field studies. The analysis method for this study is TOPSIS. Data collection was conducted in two phases: initially through library research and reviewing existing documents, and subsequently through field research. The necessary raw data was gathered via questionnaires. The findings indicated that, on average, for all types of bonds, the originator bears the highest credit risk in the sukuk issuance process, while the market maker bears the lowest risk. Additionally, it was found that among all scenarios involving different types of bonds and stakeholders, in participation bonds, the originator bears the highest credit risk, whereas, in Murabaha bonds, the market maker bears the lowest risk. The results of this study can be utilized in policymaking for drafting guidelines on the issuance of Islamic financial bonds and the methods for credit evaluation, securing guarantees, and assessing the stakeholders involved in the issuance process based on the type of bond.

In this paper, after a quick review of a summary of the financial innovation diffusion literature, with an emphasis on modern Islamic financial instruments, we address the process of Islamic financial innovation diffusion in Iran's capital market, as well as focusing on the categorization of the barriers of promotion and diffusion of modern Islamic financial instruments with providing some relevant examples. Then, according to the literature of adopting innovations and the author's practical experiences, we examine how to consider the Islamic Jurisprudence and Sharia viewpoint on the structure, components, and effects of a new financial instrument in the capital market. In this paper, we have emphasized the local design or institutional approach in Islamic financial innovations which is paid less attention by Islamic financial scholars and financial operations managers. The presented approach has some differences from the current Sharia Compliance approach in Iran's Islamic capital market, although it may include methods of eliminating jurisprudential contradictions in conventional financial instruments.

Among the most important functions of an efficient Islamic financial system is to support the real sector of the economy. Such a system must work to strengthen the real sector of the economy and continuously seek to respond to its basic needs. One of the most important ways to achieve this goal is to design and use proper and efficient financial tools to finance companies and related projects. Tools such as bonds, mortgage bonds, and murabaha bonds are among the tools designed and published for this purpose. To design an efficient Islamic finance tool that addresses all aspects such as financial planning, legal and Islamic jurisprudential considerations, risk management, tax considerations and financial reporting, using an appropriate research method could be helpful. The method of logical research based on analogy (axiomatic) is one of these methods that helps researchers to extract the basic principles of designing financial instruments and also to design appropriate financial instruments.